脑膜炎球菌性脑膜炎
If you believe you may have 脑膜炎球菌性脑膜炎 or been exposed, call a healthcare 专业.
What is 脑膜炎球菌性脑膜炎?
脑膜炎球菌性脑膜炎 is a rare form of bacterial meningitis caused by Neisseria meningitidis (N. 菌) also known as the meningococcal bacteria. There are 8 different serogroups of N. 菌. One in 10 persons carry these bacteria in the back of their nose and throat, but most do not get sick and do not have symptoms. Sometimes the bacteria can attack the body and cause the infection meningococcal meningitis. 脑膜炎球菌性脑膜炎, however, is not easily transmitted to others and is not spread by casual contact. 测试 meningococcus in carriers or persons who do not have symptoms is not recommended. For more information, visit the 中心 for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Meningococcal Disease 和 Santa Clara County Public Health Department webpage.
How are Meningococcal Bacteria Spread?
People may spread the bacteria through respiratory droplets (saliva or spit). 一般 it takes being close to some一个 for a lengthy time to spread the bacteria. 那些 are close contacts to an infected person and considered at increased risk to get sick, are persons who live in the same household such as roommates, and persons who share glasses, utensils, food or drink, or kiss an infected individual. 这些人 higher risk are treated with antibiotics after exposure. 接触过的人 to close contacts, and those who attended class or worked with an infected individual are not considered at higher risk and are not recommended to take the antibiotics.
How Common is 脑膜炎球菌性脑膜炎?
Meningococcal disease is relatively uncommon. According to the CDC, in 2019 there were about 375 cases of meningococcal disease reported in the US. 对脑膜炎球菌 serogroup B, there are on average 34 cases reported each year among persons 16 to 23岁. In 95% of meningococcal cases, there is only 一个 individual involved and so outbreaks are not common. Of those who become ill, 85%-90% recover with treatment.
What are the Signs and Symptoms of 脑膜炎球菌性脑膜炎?
Symptoms of meningitis may include high fever, rash, severe headache, light sensitivity, confusion, nausea and vomiting. Symptoms of septicemia (bloodstream infection) may include high fever, chills, fatigue, cold hands and feet, severe aches, rapid breathing, diarrhea or a dark purple rash. Seek immediate medical attention if you develop any 这些症状. More information can be found at http://www.疾病预防控制Centers.gov/meningococcal/about/symptoms.html
How Can I Decrease My Risk of Meningococcal Infection?
Vaccination against meningococcus can decrease the risk of infection. 有两个 types of meningococcus vaccines.
- Meningococcal conjugate or MenACWY vaccines protect against meningococcus serogroup A,C,W, Y. Note that the meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MenACWY) is currently a California State University requirement for college students matriculated on or 2020年秋季之后在菠菜网lol正规平台.
- Serogroup B meningococcal or MenB vaccines protect against meningococcus serogroup B and are called Bexsero and Trumenba. If you received a meningitis vaccine but not Bexsero or Trumenba, you are not vaccinated for serogroup B meningococcus.
Who should get Meningococcal Vaccines?
Certain people are at increased risk of contracting the disease, particularly adolescents and young adults ages 16 through 23 years, including college students living in residence 大厅. 请参阅 中心 of Disease Control Meningococcal Vaccination webpage 了解更多信息.
Where Can I Get Vaccinated Against 脑膜炎球菌性脑膜炎?
- Call the 学生健康中心 at (408) 924-6122 for vaccine availability
- Your existing healthcare provider
- Your local county health department.
For alternative locations offering the meningococcal conjugate vaccine or MenB vaccine, 详情请浏览 Santa Clara County Public Health 药店。 Travel and 免疫接种 Clinic.
